By Mike Huberty
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December 27, 2023
The World's Shortest Railway A funicular, also known as an inclined railway or cliff railway, is a cable railway in which a cable attached to a pair of passenger vehicles moves them up and down a steep slope. The vehicles are specially designed to remain horizontal, despite the incline, ensuring passenger comfort. The operation of a funicular relies on the principle of counterbalancing. The two cars are connected by a cable, which runs through a pulley at the upper end of the track. As one car goes up, the other comes down, and vice versa, with the weight of the descending car helping to pull the ascending car up the slope. This means that the engine at the top only needs to compensate for the difference in weight between the two cars and passengers, making the system more energy efficient than other types of transit systems. Funiculars are used in various parts of the world to transport people along steep hillsides, including urban settings and tourist locations. They have been particularly useful in mountainous regions and in cities built on steep hills. Opens New Year's Eve 1901 The history of the Angels Flight funicular railway in Los Angeles dates back to New Year's Eve 1901, when it was inaugurated to provide transportation for the residents of the Bunker Hill neighborhood. Colonel James Ward Eddy was a Civil War hero and a friend of President Abraham Lincoln. He lived in downtown Los Angeles with his teenage grandson. Noticing the difficulty of climbing Bunker Hill, he brought the idea of Angels Flight to L.A. Eddy was an entrepreneur who had practiced many professions, including railroad construction and engineering. In May 1901, he was granted permission by the city to build the railway, which was completed by the end of the year. Eddy also built a 100-foot tower behind the Olive Street railway terminal, called Angels Rest, to attract tourists to Bunker Hill. And the plan worked. In its first 50 years, Angels Flight carried over 100,000,000 passengers on its two cars, Olivet and Sinai (named after the Biblical mountains). These millions took the 315-feet journey for just a penny and Angels Flight became the railway with the most passengers per mile in the world. Its charm and uniqueness have been featured in movies as early as Fatty Arbuckle's 1918 silent comedy "Goodnight Nurse" and as recently as 2016's Best Picture winner "La La Land". It seems that detective fiction in particular loves to get hard boiled at Angels Flight. Raymond Chandler's hard-drinking private dick Phillip Marlowe (of "The Big Sleep" fame) visits it in the book, "The High Window". It features in the first movie that showcases Mickey Spillane's two-fisted private eye Mike Hammer in 1955's "Kiss Me Deadly". Michael Connelly's no-nonsense Hollywood Homicide cop, Harry Bosch was there in his 6th book, named "Angels Flight" after the funicular, as well as Season 4 of the TV show that bears his name. It's a mysterious murder on the "world's shortest railway" that gets the whole thing started. And America's most famous fictional criminal defense lawyer Perry Mason has been there at least twice, once in 1966 for the classic series (the only episode shot in color) and again in the 2021 HBO series.